Crystal-chemistry of interstratified Mg/Fe-clay minerals from seafloor hydrothermal sites

Comparative Crystal Chemistry of Orthosilicate Minerals

Comparative Crystal Chemistry of Dense Oxide Minerals

Oxygen is the most abundant element in the Earth, constituting about 43 percent by weight of the crust and mantle. While most of this mass is incorporated into silicates, the next most abundant mineral group in the planet is the oxides. The oxide minerals are generally considered to be those oxygen-based minerals that do not contain a distinct polyanionic species such as OH, CO3, SO4 PO4, SiO4,...

Laser Raman spectroscopy as a technique for identification of seafloor hydrothermal and cold seep minerals

Article history: In situ sensors capable of re Received 8 August 2008 Received in revised form 8 November 2008 Accepted 10 November 2008 Available online xxxx Editor: R.L. Rudnick

Isothermal Treatments of Regularly Interstratified Montmorillonite-beidellite at Hydrothermal Conditions

-A glass in the intermediate composition of montmorillonite and beidellite, 50/50 in mole ratio, was treated under a hydrothermal pressure of 100 MPa, in the temperature range from 250 to 500~ and durations from 2 to 129 days. The phases identified in the products were plotted in a time-temperaturetransformation (TTT) diagram. The TTT diagram showed that the regularly interstratified montmorill...

Clay Minerals and Catalysis

More than half a century ago, Irish physicist John Desmond Bernal and Swiss geochemist Victor M. Goldschmidt independently proposed that clay minerals may have played an important role in prebiotic synthesis (Bernal 1949; Goldschmidt 1952). I concur that mineral catalysis must have had a central role in prebiotic synthesis because most uncatalyzed reactions start from simple precursors like hyd...